Creeping rust from the edge of a disc is a common problem in countries where roads are salted.
The lip prevents the pad contacting the disc effectively which accelerates it's growth. And makes it progressively get worse as you experienced.
It also means the pads move firther away from the disc whilst non rbaking so that when you press the pedal it can be very soft as it takes up the larger gap.
A decent mechanic would NOT have fitted pads with the disc in that condition
Regular cleaning of the rust lip helps prevent it's growth.
Once it's that bad though you need to get them skimmed or replaced - the latter being so cheap nowadays that it's the better solution.
Replace the discs and pads and it will be fine.
"A woman without curves is like a road without bends, you might get to your destination quicker but the ride is boring as hell'